Standardization of the Sandia Matrices Test of Nonverbal Reasoning Among University Students According to Classical Theory

Abstract

This research aims to standardize the Sandia Matrices test of nonverbal reasoning for university students. To achieve this goal. the researcher translated the test and its instructions from English to Arabic. and then retranslated it from Arabic back into English. The test was then reviewed by a group of English language specialists. and some modifications were made based on their feedback. Subsequently. the test instructions were presented to a group of experts specializing in educational and psychological sciences to ensure that the items and their alternatives possessed the appropriate standard characteristics in terms of both form and content. To analyze the experts' opinions on the test items. the researcher used the chi-square test. Each item was found to be valid and significant at the 0.05 level. representing 80% of the experts' opinions. All test items were deemed logically valid for measuring what they were designed to measure. The test was then administered to a pilot sample of 40 students randomly selected from the university. The instructions were found to be clear. and the time required to complete the test ranged from 23 to 33 minutes. with an average of 28 minutes.

   The test was subsequently administered to a statistical analysis sample of 200 students. also randomly selected from the university. Three criteria were used to select the test items: difficulty level (between 0.20 and 0.80). discrimination index (0.20 or higher using the extreme groups method). and item validity (based on a significant correlation between the item score and the total score using the arbitrary P-value correlation coefficient).

  The test's reliability was established using Cronbach's alpha. yielding a coefficient of 0.88.

  The instructions were clear. and the time required to complete the test ranged from 23 to 33 minutes. with an average time of 28 minutes.