The Impact of Diseases and Pests on Field Grain Crop Production and Prevention Methods

Abstract

This research addressed one of the key issues related to agricultural production, highlighting the most significant negative factors that hinder the regularity and efficiency of the agricultural process, namely pests and diseases that affect field crops, The geographical distribution of field crops in the study area was examined, and the production quantities for each crop were analyzed, while diagnosing one of the main problems facing agricultural production of field crops in the Shuhaymiyah district during the agricultural season (2024–2025), as well as reviewing the methods and treatments that can reduce their effects, thereby contributing to achieving high and sustainable levels of productivity The study also sought to identify the most important agricultural diseases and pests affecting field crops within the study area and to clarify their direct role in reducing production quantities. The results of the research showed that the study area is characterized by the predominance of grain cultivation, with an area of )81500(dunams, particularly wheat, barley, and millet, Wheat ranked first in terms of cultivated area, reaching )73521(dunams, with an annual production estimated at )65850(tons/year,  The research also showed the size of the areas affected by agricultural pests, with multiple pest infestations recorded, most notably aphids, sunflower beetles, and spiders, affecting an area of )8920(dunams, As for plant diseases, the results showed that diseases such as rust, charcoal rot, and leaf spot were recorded, with an affected area of )10587(dunams