The role of family experiences in avoiding violent behaviors, exclusion, and discrimination in dealing with children in Kut District - a community study

Abstract

    The present study aimed to identify the relationship between family experiences and attitudes toward avoiding violent practices, exclusion, and discrimination in dealing with children in Kut. The researcher adopted a descriptive exploratory analytical approach, as it is considered appropriate for examining social and psychological phenomena within their natural context.

    The study sample consisted of (56) fathers and mothers selected through an available sampling method from families with school-age children. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher developed a questionnaire composed of (44) items distributed across three domains: family experiences, violent practices and negative treatment patterns, and methods of prevention and intervention. Face validity was verified through expert review, while reliability was established using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.

The findings indicated that a considerable proportion of participants expressed negative attitudes toward the use of violence in child-rearing and showed a preference for guidance, dialogue, and nonviolent disciplinary practices. At the same time, some responses suggested the persistence of traditional punitive methods among certain participants, reflecting a possible gap between declared attitudes and actual behavioral practices under family and social stressors.

     The results also revealed a positive association between higher parental educational and cultural levels and the adoption of more adaptive parenting styles characterized by emotional regulation, constructive communication, and reduced reliance on harsh discipline. Furthermore, the study highlighted the role of positive family experiences as a protective factor that may reduce aggressive tendencies within the household and promote a psychologically safe environment for children.

The study recommends conducting further research using larger and more diverse samples, employing multiple methods of data collection, and designing counseling and psych educational programs to strengthen positive parenting practices and reduce domestic violence against children.