The reality of using statistical methods, such as sampling, in data analysis in scientific research among students of the Department of Mathematics.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the reality of using statistical methods, particularly statistical sampling techniques, in data analysis for scientific research among fourth-year students in the Department of Mathematics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Diyala. The researcher adopted the descriptive survey method due to its suitability for the nature and objectives of the study. The study population consisted of fourth-year students in the Department of Mathematics during the academic year (2025–2026), and a representative random sample was selected from this population. To collect data, the researcher developed a questionnaire consisting of (20) items distributed across three domains: theoretical knowledge, sample selection skills, and practical application.The psychometric properties of the instrument were verified through expert review to establish face validity. In addition, construct validity and internal consistency were examined by calculating correlation coefficients between items and their respective domains, as well as between the domains and the total score of the questionnaire. Reliability was assessed using both Cronbach’s Alpha and the Test-Retest method, and the results indicated satisfactory levels of validity and reliability For data analysis, the researcher employed means, standard deviations, frequencies, percentages, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Furthermore, the One-Sample T-Test was used to compare the observed means with the hypothetical mean of the scale. In addition, effect size (Cohen’s d) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine the practical significance of the findings. The results revealed that students demonstrated a moderate to good level of theoretical knowledge, sample selection skills, and practical application. The findings of the One-Sample T-Test indicated statistically significant differences between the observed means and the hypothetical mean of the scale, with p-values lower than the adopted significance level (0.05). Moreover, statistically significant positive correlations were found among the study domains. Based on these findings, the study recommends increasing the emphasis on practical applications in statistics and research methodology courses, as well as organizing training workshops to enhance students’ skills in selecting statistical samples, analyzing data, and applying statistical methods appropriately in scientific research.