Effectiveness of Planning Organizations in the Development of Reflective Thinking Among Mathematics Undergraduates

Abstract

This paper seeks to unfold how the effectiveness of planning organizations develop reflective thinking among mathematics undergraduates. To this end, 69 fourth-level mathematics undergraduates of the Faculty of Basic Education, University of Dohuk, throughout the academic year (2020-2021), were deliberately selected as a sample of analysis. The sample, then, was divided into four equal subgroups; two all-male subgroups and two all-female subgroups. Traditional as well as proposed methods of teaching were applied to both groups. To analyze subjects’ responses, a multiple-choice 20-item reflective thinking test was designed. The proposed test involved five key skills; reflectivity, fault-finding, persuasive interpretation, conclusiveness, and problem-solving. Test psychometric parameters have been verified as to validity and reliability. Tests were administered and teachers applied relevant tests to students. Additionally, post-tests were applied to the same subjects. Computational and statistical means, including (ANOVA-2 way), were used to reach frequencies and percentages. The study finds that;

1.There are statistically significant differences (0.05) in the average subjects across all subgroups.

1. There are not any statistically significant differences (0.05) in the average subjects across all subgroups, between reflective thinking following gender and learning theories.