The judiciary and its impact on strengthening the pillars of Umayyad rule, Abu Musa al-Ash'ari as a model

Abstract

The judiciary is one of the most important pillars of the Islamic state and one of the basic pillars upon which the authority relies in consolidating rule, achieving justice and maintaining public order.The judiciary played a very important role in the emergence of states, especially the Umayyad state. In this context, this research highlights the effective role that the judiciary played in strengthening the Umayyad rule by studying a model that was the reason for the beginning of the emergence of its kingdom.He is Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, who held judicial and administrative positions during the era of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs, and his influence continued at the beginning of the Umayyad era, as his judicial role represented an important axis for strengthening the pillars of the rule of this new state, especially during the transitional phase from the Rightly-Guided Caliphate to the Umayyad system, which began in the shadow of complex circumstances in which he had a major role in its emergence.

The study is presented in an introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion, followed by a list of sources and references. The first chapter covers the personal life of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, including his name, title, and nickname, his birth, upbringing, death, and conversion to Islam. The second chapter covers the judiciary, both in language and terminology, during the era of the Prophet and during the era of the Caliphs. The third section covered arbitration and the influence of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari on it, and included two topics: the first was titled The Battle of Siffin: Cause and Results, while the second topic covered arbitration and the fate of the nation