Emotional Warmth and Its Relationship with Psychological Security among Intermediate School Students

Abstract

   The research aimed to identify the level of emotional warmth and its relationship to psychological security among middle school students. To achieve the study's objectives, the researcher developed a scale for emotional warmth and a scale for psychological security, ensuring their validity through face validity and construct validity. Reliability was also examined using the test-retest method, and internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. The two scales were administered to a construct sample of 300 middle school students from the Wasit Directorate of Education. The researcher based the interpretation of the emotional warmth variable on Wolpe's theory, while Maslow's hierarchy of needs was used for the psychological security variable. Appropriate statistical methods were employed, relying on the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze the data and draw conclusions. The study's results showed that middle school students possess a good degree of emotional warmth and a good level of psychological security. Furthermore, a positive relationship was found between emotional warmth and psychological security among the sample.