Gaston Bachelard: Scientific Thought and Epistemology Researcher: Israa Abbas Hassan - Al-Mustansiriya University - College of Arts

Abstract

 This research attempts to present definitions of epistemology, knowledge theory, and philosophy of science, based on the premise that such definitions serve as an introduction to the study of Bachelardian epistemology. Our focus here is not on the names themselves, but on their meanings; that is, we will not attempt to find arbitrary distinctions between terms and expressions. Instead, we will try to identify the reasons that have led to a different approach to producing scientific concepts and forming various types of knowledge. Undoubtedly, the characteristic of philosophy The inherent multiplicity of positions and perspectives on a single subject leads us to believe that we will encounter diverse viewpoints on that subject. However, we can categorize this multiplicity into two main camps, despite their differences: one distinguishes between the terms, while the other uses them synonymously. Herein lies Lalande's role in differentiating between the terms epistemology and philosophy of science, and in establishing their varying meanings according to European and American languages. This distinction is one of the important positions that has stimulated debate on the subject.