Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria in Modulating the Rhizosphere Microbiome of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31185/bsj.Vol22.Iss43.1669Keywords:
Keywords: Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR); Rhizosphere Microbiome; (Solanum lycopersicum); Microbial Diversity; Nitrogen Fixation; Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR).Abstract
Microbial diversity in the tomato root zone (rhizosphere) plays a crucial role in plant growth and production by enhancing nutrient uptake (especially phosphorus), stimulating systemic resistance against viral and bacterial diseases, and improving soil health, leading to stronger plants and higher productivity. This includes the use of beneficial microorganisms (PGPR) as an alternative to chemical pesticides, especially in the face of diseases such as bacterial spot and wilt, according to research studies.
In Iraq, studies show that microbial diversity in the root zone significantly affects tomato growth and productivity, as beneficial microbes (such as Trichoderma fungi and bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis) promote plant growth and resistance to fungal diseases such as Fusarium wilt, increasing plant weight, height, and productivity under field conditions, especially when used with amendments such as compost. These studies are vital for improving sustainable agriculture in the country to meet climate challenges.
1. Enhancing nutrient uptake: through using Phosphorus solubility: it is Some bacteria can solubilize bound phosphorus in the soil, making it available for plant uptake, which is vital for growth and fruit formation, as demonstrated in studies in Iraq, and also using Nitrogen fixation as using Microorganisms it can fix atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into forms that plants can utilize.
2. Biological disease control: through by Stimulation of systemic and resistance (ISR): Some bacteria (such as endemic Pseudomonas) stimulate plants to develop internal resistance against pathogens like TYLCV (Tylochrome Turbidity Virus) also adding through Pathogen competition: Beneficial microorganisms occupy spaces on roots and consume nutrients, preventing pathogens from multiplying.
3. Improved overall soil health: through Microorganisms contribute to the formation of organic matter in the soil and increase its water and nutrient retention capacity. it is They help reduce stress on roots and improve their ability to absorb water and nutrients.
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